https://mbajournals.in/index.php/JoDBCM <p><strong>NOLEGEIN- Journal of Business Risk Management </strong>is a peer reviewed journal and provides a platform to discuss new issues in the area of Disaster relief and recovery. The journal also seeks to advance the quality of research by publishing papers introducing or elaborating on Enterprise risk management and policy &amp; Governance, risk, regulatory compliance. It's a biannual journal, started in 2018.</p> MBA Journals (Consortium eLearning Network Pvt Ltd) en-US NOLEGEIN- Journal of Business Risk Management 2582-287X https://mbajournals.in/index.php/JoDBCM/article/view/1159 <p>Access to basic sanitation facilities remains a major challenge in India, where over half of the population lacks access to proper toilets. This issue is particularly severe in rural regions, where traditional pit latrines and the practice of open defecation persist prominently. In this paper, we review the technology options available for improving basic sanitation in India, with a focus on low-cost and sustainable solutions. Let's start by examining the existing situation of sanitation in India, considering both the obstacles and possibilities for enhancement. We then explore a range of technology options, including pour-flush toilets, ecological sanitation systems, and biogas plants, as well as their potential benefits and limitations. We also examine the role of community-led approaches and government policies in promoting the adoption and maintenance of these technologies.</p> Krishna Khadka Copyright (c) 2023 NOLEGEIN- Journal of Business Risk Management 2023-07-29 2023-07-29 6 1 https://mbajournals.in/index.php/JoDBCM/article/view/1033 <p>Market observers consider an investment "fully valued" when its market price matches its underlying value. However, an asset is either undervalued or overvalued if its market price differs from its value. Portfolio management prevents stock overvaluation and undervaluation by collecting and monitoring assets that satisfy an investor's long-term financial objectives and risk aversion. Stocks that are overvalued are those which are sold for a price that exceeds their true value. As a proxy for a company's actual value, the present value of its projected free cash flows can be used. External factors are therefore the elements that influence a company's stock prices. The review paper examines how portfolio management affects overvaluation and undervaluation of stocks. The study uses screening to attain its goal. 392 papers from Google scholar, research gate, science direct, and stockrelated websites were selected for the initial screening. The second stage evaluated 152 articles based on title, keywords, relevancy, abstract, and content. This review paper's final screening considered 36 papers based on content and references. The study found that a company’s stocks are overvalued or undervalued, and particular ratios such as “the price-earnings ratio,” the “price-earnings-growth ratio,” the “debt-equity ratio,” and others can be used to determine this. According to the findings of the study, a stock is overvalued if its intrinsic value exceeds its market price. If a stock's intrinsic benefit is inferior to its market price, it is undervalued. Numerous metrics can be used to evaluate stock valuation.</p> Toshabanta Bhoi Copyright (c) 2023 NOLEGEIN- Journal of Business Risk Management 2023-05-20 2023-05-20 6 1 1 10